Latest journal articles on bone and joint basic science research from Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, Journal of Orthopaedic Research, Journal of Biomechanics, Connective Tissue Research, Journal of Applied Biomechanics, The Bone & Joint Journal, Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, Acta Orthopaedica, Orthopedic Clinics of North, America, Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, Orthopedics
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Newtonian and non-Newtonian blood flow in coiled cerebral aneurysms.
J Biomech. 2013 Jul 23;
Authors: Morales HG, Larrabide I, Geers AJ, Aguilar ML, Frangi AF
Abstract
Endovascular coiling aims to isolate the aneurysm from blood circulation by altering hemodynamics inside the aneurysm and triggering blood coagulation. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques have the potential to predict the post-operative hemodynamics and to investigate the complex interaction between blood flow and coils. The purpose of this work is to study the influence of blood viscosity on hemodynamics in coiled aneurysms. Three image-based aneurysm models were used. Each case was virtually coiled with a packing density of around 30%. CFD simulations were performed in coiled and untreated aneurysm geometries using a Newtonian and a Non-Newtonian fluid models. Newtonian fluid slightly overestimates the intra-aneurysmal velocity inside the aneurysm before and after coiling. There were numerical differences between fluid models on velocity magnitudes in coiled simulations. Moreover, the non-Newtonian fluid model produces high viscosity (>0.007 [Pas]) at aneurysm fundus after coiling. Nonetheless, these local differences and high-viscous regions were not sufficient to alter the main flow patterns and velocity magnitudes before and after coiling. To evaluate the influence of coiling on intra-aneurysmal hemodynamics, the assumption of a Newtonian fluid can be used.
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Histone deacetylase inhibitors as potential therapeutic approaches for chordoma: An immunohistochemical and functional analysis.
J Orthop Res. 2013 Jul 24;
Authors: Susanne S, Birgit L, Beate R, Verena FE, Alfred B, Franz Q, Aron L, Pal VP, Johannes H, Andreas L, Bernadette L
Abstract
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Development of a general method for designing microvascular networks using distribution of wall shear stress.
J Biomech. 2013 Jul 24;
Authors: Sayed Razavi M, Shirani E
Abstract
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Osteoarthritis Year 2013 in Review: Imaging.
Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2013 Jul 23;
Authors: Mosher TJ, Walker EA, Petscavage-Thomas J, Guermazi A
Abstract
PURPOSE: To review recent original research publications related to imaging of osteoarthritis and identify emerging trends and significant advances.
METHODS: Relevant articles were identified through a search of the PubMed database using the query terms "osteoarthritis" in combination with "imaging", "radiography", "MRI", "ultrasound", "computed tomography",and "nuclear medicine"; either published or in press between March 2012 and March 2013. Abstracts were reviewed to exclude review articles, case reports, and studies not focused on imaging using routine clinical imaging measures.
RESULTS: Initial query yielded 932 references, which were reduced to 328 citations following the initial review. MRI (118 references) and radiography (129 refs) remain the primary imaging modalities in OA studies, with fewer reports using CT (35 refs) and ultrasound (23 refs). MRI parametric mapping techniques remain an active research area (33 refs) with growth in T2*- and T1rho mapping publications compared to prior years. Although the knee is the major joint studied (210 refs) there is interest in the hip (106 refs) and hand (29 refs). Imaging continues to focus on evaluation of cartilage (173 refs) and bone (119 refs).
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Kinetic sensitivity of a new lumbo-pelvic model to variation in segment parameter input.
J Appl Biomech. 2013 Jun;29(3):354-9
Authors: Crewe H, Campbell A, Elliott B, Alderson J
Abstract
This study aimed to assess variability in lumbo-pelvic forces and moments during a dynamic high-impact activity (cricket fast bowling) when calculated using different body segment parameters (BSPs). The first three BSPs were estimated using methods where the trunk was divided into segments according to nonspinal anatomical landmarks. The final approach defined segment boundaries according to vertebral level. Three-dimensional motion analysis data from nine male cricketers' bowling trials were processed using the four BSPs. A repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed no significant effect on peak lumbo-pelvic forces. However, the segmentation approach based on vertebral level resulted in significantly larger peak flexion and lateral flexion moments than the other BSP data sets. This has implications for comparisons between studies using different BSPs. Further, given that a method defined with reference to vertebral level more closely corresponds with relevant anatomical structures, this approach may more accurately reflect lumbar moments.
PMID: 23887979 [PubMed - in process]
Read more... http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23887979?dopt=Abstract
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The effects of core muscle activation on dynamic trunk position and knee abduction moments: Implications for ACL injury.
J Biomech. 2013 Jul 23;
Authors: Jamison ST, McNally MP, Schmitt LC, Chaudhari AM
Abstract
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The influence of task frequency and force direction on psychophysically acceptable forces in the context of the biomechanically weakest links.
J Appl Biomech. 2013 Jun;29(3):285-91
Authors: Cudlip AC, Fischer SL, Wells R, Dickerson CR
Abstract
This study examined the influence of frequency and direction of force application on psychophysically acceptable forces for simulated work tasks. Fifteen male participants exerted psychophysically acceptable forces on a force transducer at 1, 3, or 5 repetitions per minute by performing both a downward press and a pull toward the body. These exertions were shown previously to be strength and balance limited, respectively. Workers chose acceptable forces at a lower percentage of their maximum voluntary force capacity during downward (strength-limited) exertions than during pulling (balance-limited) exertions at all frequencies (4% to 11%, P = .035). Frequency modulated acceptable hand force only during downward exertions, where forces at five repetitions per minute were 13% less (P = .005) than those at one exertion per minute. This study provides insight into the relationship between biomechanically limiting factors and the selection of acceptable forces for unilateral manual tasks.
PMID: 23887978 [PubMed - in process]
Read more... http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23887978?dopt=Abstract
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Estimation of external contact loads using an inverse dynamics and optimization approach: General method and application to sit-to-stand maneuvers.
J Biomech. 2013 Jul 23;
Authors: Robert T, Causse J, Monnier G
Abstract
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Mechanical properties of the lamprey spinal cord: Uniaxial loading and physiological strain.
J Biomech. 2013 Jul 22;
Authors: Luna C, Detrick L, Shah SB, Cohen AH, Aranda-Espinoza H
Abstract
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Influence of weak hip abductor muscles on joint contact forces during normal walking: probabilistic modeling analysis.
J Biomech. 2013 Jul 24;
Authors: Valente G, Taddei F, Jonkers I
Abstract
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