hrm.. well, despite that jbjs article.. med school reputation plays big into it.
There is an inherent bias in that statistic.. it's based on importance overall, but not for 'groupings' of candidates. For instance, it does not reflect the degree of board score.
ie.. there's very little difference between a 270 and a 250, as far as an application is concerned. Whereas, there's a huge difference between a 230 and a 250.. same point differential, but everything is relative.
When you are applying for competitive programs, everyone is in the same boat.. they all have high board scores, all have high clinical grades, top ranked in the class, have the research, etc..
They all meet the check list requirements for that JBJS article... so now what's left? Who 'fits in' ? Well, that goes with personality, and of course, your pedigree. Some programs weight each one of these differently. It depends on what arena you apply in.
We all like to be idealistic and think these things don't make a difference, but the most minute of details make a HUGE difference. Sure, it may be 1 or 2 ranks.. but that is all the world of a difference. Even how you comb your hair that day on interview can have an effect.
Just put yourself in the interviewers shoes.. they see like 60 people in a day... how on earth are they going to remember who you are? We all look alike, we all have great grades, we all did research, we all have something *interesting* on our CV.. now what?? shoe size? lol